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Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of p53 and PD-L1 in ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy specimens of breast cancer, and to analyze their application value.Methods:Ninety-eight patients who underwent ultrasound-guided coarse needle puncture biopsy and radical operation admitted to our hospital from Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2022 were selected as the study objects. The clinical data of patients were collected, the expression of p53 and PD-L1 in puncture biopsy specimens and radical surgical excision specimens were detected by immunohistochemical experiment, and the consistency was analyzed. Statistical test was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of p53 and PD-L1 and the pathological parameters of patients.Results:In 98 patients, the positive rate of p53 and PD-L1 in core needle biopsy specimens was 48.0% and 55.1%, respectively. The positive rate of p53 and PD-L1 in radical operative specimens was 62.2% and 61.2%, respectively. The concordance rates of p53 and PD-L1 were 63.6% ( κ=0.441, P<0.001) and 65.3% ( κ=0.505, P<0.001) between core needle biopsy specimens and radical operative specimens. Taking the results of radical operative specimens as the standard, the cases with positive expression of p53 and PD-L1 in core needle biopsy specimens were all positive in radical operative specimens, and the specificity was 100%. p53 was determined negative in 25 coarse needle biopsy specimens, however, p53 was positive in radical surgical specimens, and the false negative rate of coarse needle puncture was 49.0 %. PD-L1 was determined negative in 20 coarse needle biopsy specimens, but it was determined positive in radical operative specimens, and the false negative rate of coarse needle puncture was 41.7 %. There was no significant correlation between the consistency rate of p53 and PD-L1 expression and the number of puncture cores, the length of puncture cores, the length of invasive carcinoma and the proportion of invasive carcinoma (all P>0.05). The expressions of p53 and PD-L1 in core needle biopsy specimens were significantly correlated with tumor size, pTNM stage and Ki67 (all P<0.05), but not with age, BMI, family history, histological type or Nottingham histological grade (all P>0.05) . Conclusion:The concordance rates of p53 and PD-L1 expression between ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy specimens and radical resection specimens of breast cancer were 63.6% and 65.3%, respectively, and the specificity of positive detection results were both 100%, which has certain guiding significance for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.
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Objective To evaluate the characteristics of exposure to micro- and nano-plastics （MPs） via food ingestion and inhalation among Chinese children including 6-7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. Methods Articles published until March 2021 were searched on PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang and Weipu databases. The exposure levels of MPs by food ingestion and inhalation pathways were estimated by referring to the Chinese children food consumption and breathing rates data. The characteristics of children’s exposure to MPs in China were compared with that in the United States. In addition， the consumption of bottled water， tap water and salt intake among children aged 6-7 years was determined in a cohort of children and adolescents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The characteristics of exposure to MPs through food intake and inhalation among them were investigated. Results A total of 5 786 samples from 38 studies were retrieved. Annual intake of MPs among Chinese children was estimated to range from 159 400 to 204 637 MPs from food ingestion， depending on age and sex. When inhalation exposure is also considered， the annual MPs intake increased to 164 635 to 213 032 MPs， which were larger than the values in American persons. Ingestion of MPs posed the largest health risk to male Chinese adults. With the questionnaire survey data， the estimated annual total exposure amount through food intake alone is 116 272‒120 334 MPs for 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area. With addition of inhalation exposure， the annual total exposure amount is 121 300‒125 983 MPs， which is lower than the average exposure level in the whole country. The discrepancy could be mainly due to the different drinking habits between the local children and others. Overall， tap drinking water， seafood，bottled water， and air represented four substantial vectors of daily MPs exposure in Chinese children. Conclusion Ingestion and inhalation of MPs pose higher health risk to Chinese children in comparison to American children. The level of exposure to MPs among 6 to 7 years old school children in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is lower than that in the same age group of children across the whole country. The attempt to lower the MPs levels in drinking water and seafood would represent the most effective means to help reduce the MPs exposure risk to Chinese children.
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OBJECTIVE：To study the effects and active ingr edients of Tibetan medicine Lamiophlomis rotata against rheumatoid arthritis （RA）. METHODS ：Fifty-six SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group （0.5％ sodium carboxymethylcellulose），model group （0.5％ sodium carboxymethylcellulose ），methotrexate group （positive control group ，3 mg/kg），L. rotata water extract low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （0.5，1，2 g/kg，by crude drug ），L. rotata total flavonoid group （200 mg/kg，by flavonoid extat ），with 8 rats in each group. Except for normal control group ，other groups were given Freund ’s complete adjuvant （FCA）on the rat ’s right hind footpad to induce adjuvant-induced arthritis model. The next day after injection of FCA ，rats in all groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically ，once a day （once every 3 days for methotrexate group ）for 30 days. At 15th and 30th day of administration ，the degree of paw swelling of left hind foot was measured，and the arthritis index ，spleen index were calculated. At the end of 30th day of administration ，the levels of TNF-α，IL-1β， IL-6 and IL- 10 in rat serum were determined by ELISA assay ，the thymus index and spleen index were calculated ，the pathological changes of the ankle joints were observed by HE staining. RESULTS ：Compared with normal control group ，degree of paw swelling，arthritis index at 15th and 30th day of administration as well as the spleen index and the levels of TNF-α，IL-1β， msxmX0146） IL-6 in serum at 30th day of administration were significantly com increased in model group （P＜0.01）；while the thymus indexyunbinji- and IL- 10 level at 30th day of administration were ang@swu.edu.cn significantly decreased（P＜0.01）；synovial cell proliferation and infiltration of articular cavity were observed in ankle joint. Compared with model group ，degree of paw swelling ，arthritis index at 15th and 30th day of administration as well as the spleen index and the levels of TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6 in serum at 30th day of administration were significantly decreased in each medicine group （P＜0.01）；while the thymus index and IL- 10 level at 30th day of administration were significantly increased （P＜0.01）；the pathological changes of arthritis were significantly improved. Compared with L. rotata water extract high-dose group ，there were no significant differences in degree of paw swelling at 15th day of administration as well as the arthritis index ，spleen index ，levels of inflammatory cytokines and pathological changes of ankle joint in L. rotata total flavonoid group （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Tibetan medicine L. rotata shows well anti-RA activity ，and total flavonoids may be the active ingredients of its efficacy.
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@#Objective To explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of histone methylase G9a inhibitor BIX-01294 on apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods MTT assay and Colony-forming Units were adopted to determine the effects of BIX-01294 on the growth and proliferation of ESCC cell lines EC109 and KYSE150. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the apoptosis status of ESCC cells after the treatment of BIX-01294. The effects of BIX-01294 treatment on the expressions of G9a catalytic product H3K9me2, DNA double-strand break (DSB) markers, and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results BIX-01294 inhibited the growth of EC109 and KYSE150 cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), and BIX-01294 with the inhibitory concentration 50%(IC50) significantly inhibited the formation of colony (P<0.05). After 24 hours treatment of BIX-01294 (IC50), the apoptosis rate of EC109 cells increased from 11.5%±2.1% to 42.5%±5.4%, and KYSE150 cells from 7.5%±0.9% to 49.2%±5.2%(P<0.05). The expression level of the G9a catalytic product, H3K9me2, significantly decreased (P<0.05); while the expression of the DSB marker γH2AX was dramatically enhanced (P<0.05). We also found that the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was activated and the expression levels of cleaved caspase3 and cleaved PARP were significantly elevated (P<0.05). Conclusion BIX-01294, the inhibitor of methyltransferase G9a, prompted apoptosis in ESCC cells by inducing DSB damage and activating mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
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In order to unveil ubiquitin pathway genes (UPGs) that are essential for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation, we recently conducted a siRNA screening experiment to knockdown the expression of 696 UPGs found in the human genome in A549 and H1975 NSCLC cells. We found that silencing of one of the candidates, RFWD3 that encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase essential for the repair of DNA interstrand cross-links in response to DNA damage, led to dramatic inhibition of NSCLC cell proliferation with significant Z-scores. Knockdown of RFWD3 suppressed colony forming activity of NSCLC cells.We further evaluated the significance of RFWD3 in NSCLCs and found that this gene was more elevated in tumor samples than in paired normal lung tissues and was inversely associated with the clinical outcome of patients with NSCLC. Moreover, RFWD3 expression was significantly higher in smokers than in non-smokers. These results show for the first time that RFWD3 is required for NSCLC cell proliferation and may have an important role in lung carcinogenesis.
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Objective@#To establish a mouse model of psoriasis complicated by bone loss by long-term topical application of imiquimod.@*Methods@#Twelve 10-week-old Kunming mice were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups: experimental group topically treated with 50 mg/d imiquimod cream every day on the shaved back, and control group topically treated with equivalent vaseline ointment every day on the shaved back. Skin manifestations were observed on the mouse back every day. The mice were sacrificed 10 weeks later. Before the sacrifice, the degree of erythema, scaling and skin thickening was evaluated, psoriasis area severity index (PASI) was calculated, mouse weight was measured, and eyeball blood was obtained. After the sacrifice, skin lesions on the back were resected and subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining, so as to evaluate histological changes. Then, the left tibia was obtained from the mice, immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the expression and distribution of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL) in bone tissues, and micro-computerized tomography was conducted to determine the bone mass of spongy bone, and the bone volume-to-total volume ratio, number, thickness, spacing and connectivity density of the trabecular bone in the proximal tibia. The left femur was also obtained from the mice, and subjected to three-point bending test for evaluating its biomechanical properties. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α and interleukin (IL) -17. RNA was extracted from the right tibia, and real-time PCR was conducted to determine the mRNA expression of OPG and RANKL. Two-independent-sample t test was used to compare the above indices between two groups.@*Results@#Ten-week topical stimulation with imiquimod could lead to psoriasiform dermatitis on the mouse back, presenting as erythema, scales and skin thickening. The PASI score was significantly higher in the experimental group (9.167 ± 1.722) than in the control group (0, t = 13.31, P < 0.001) . Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed thickened spinous layer, extended rete ridges, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the superficial dermis, spongiosis, vasodilatation and increased hair follicles in the experimental group. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression of OPG and RANKL was significantly higher in the experimental group (16 021.33 ± 1 954.61, 35 433.33 ± 1 197.95 respectively) than in the control group (3 307.00 ± 1 158.72, 13 644.67 ± 4 764.61, respectively; t = 9.692, 7.682 respectively, both P < 0.01) . Micro-computerized tomography showed that the bone volume-to-total volume ratio and thickness of trabecular bone in the proximal tibia were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group, but the spacing of trabecular bone was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.01 or < 0.05) . There were no significant differences in the elastic modulus and fracture energy of the femur between the experimental group and control group (both P > 0.05) . Moreover, no significant differences in the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-17 were observed between the two groups (both P > 0.05) . Real-time PCR revealed that the mRNA expression of OPG and RNAKL was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05, < 0.01 respectively) .@*Conclusions@#Long-term topical application of imiquimod can not only induce psoriasiform dermatitis in mice, but also lead to bone loss of spongy bone and micro-architectural deterioration in the proximal tibia. Thus, mouse models of psoriasis complicated by bone loss can be established by long-term imiquimod stimulation.
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Objective To establish a mouse model of psoriasis complicated by bone loss by long-term topical application of imiquimod. Methods Twelve 10-week-old Kunming mice were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups:experimental group topically treated with 50 mg/d imiquimod cream every day on the shaved back, and control group topically treated with equivalent vaseline ointment every day on the shaved back. Skin manifestations were observed on the mouse back every day. The mice were sacrificed 10 weeks later. Before the sacrifice, the degree of erythema, scaling and skin thickening was evaluated, psoriasis area severity index(PASI)was calculated, mouse weight was measured, and eyeball blood was obtained. After the sacrifice, skin lesions on the back were resected and subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining, so as to evaluate histological changes. Then, the left tibia was obtained from the mice, immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the expression and distribution of osteoprotegerin(OPG)and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand(RANKL)in bone tissues, and micro-computerized tomography was conducted to determine the bone mass of spongy bone, and the bone volume-to-total volume ratio, number, thickness, spacing and connectivity density of the trabecular bone in the proximal tibia. The left femur was also obtained from the mice, and subjected to three-point bending test for evaluating its biomechanical properties. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was performed to detect serum levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αand interleukin(IL)-17. RNA was extracted from the right tibia, and real-time PCR was conducted to determine the mRNA expression of OPG and RANKL. Two-independent-sample t test was used to compare the above indices between two groups. Results Ten-week topical stimulation with imiquimod could lead to psoriasiform dermatitis on the mouse back, presenting as erythema, scales and skin thickening. The PASI score was significantly higher in the experimental group(9.167 ± 1.722)than in the control group(0, t=13.31, P<0.001). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed thickened spinous layer, extended rete ridges, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the superficial dermis, spongiosis, vasodilatation and increased hair follicles in the experimental group. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression of OPG and RANKL was significantly higher in the experimental group(16021.33 ± 1954.61, 35433.33 ± 1197.95 respectively)than in the control group(3307.00 ± 1158.72, 13644.67 ± 4764.61, respectively;t=9.692, 7.682 respectively, both P < 0.01). Micro-computerized tomography showed that the bone volume-to-total volume ratio and thickness of trabecular bone in the proximal tibia were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group, but the spacing of trabecular bone was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.01 or<0.05). There were no significant differences in the elastic modulus and fracture energy of the femur between the experimental group and control group(both P>0.05). Moreover, no significant differences in the serum levels of TNF-αand IL-17 were observed between the two groups(both P>0.05). Real-time PCR revealed that the mRNA expression of OPG and RNAKL was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05,<0.01 respectively). Conclusions Long-term topical application of imiquimod can not only induce psoriasiform dermatitis in mice, but also lead to bone loss of spongy bone and micro-architectural deterioration in the proximal tibia. Thus, mouse models of psoriasis complicated by bone loss can be established by long-term imiquimod stimulation.
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OBJECTIVE： To analyze the characteristics of pregnancy medication in obstetric patients of our hospital， and to provide reference for promoting rational drug use in obstetric department. METHODS： Using hospital information system， 30 prescriptions of women who produced in our hospital were randomly selected monthly from Jan. 2015 to 30th， 2017. The modes of production and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. The drugs used during pregnancy in our hospital were summarized. Statistical analysis was made on the number of cases， varieties and frequency of drug use in neonatal outcomes and different stages of pregnancy. The rationality of drug use in different stages of pregnancy was evaluated. RESULTS： Totally 1 076 valid prescriptions were collected， including 528， 343 and 205 cases aged 21-30， 31-34， 35 and above， 462 cases with cesarean and 614 patients with spontaneous labor， 1 041 cases with single fetus and 35 cases with twins， 1 089 neonates with APGAR score of 8-10，20 neonates with 4-7，and 2 neonates with 0-3， 96 neonates with low birth weight and 4 neonates with abnormal. The rate of drug use during pregnancy was as high as 96.65％ （1 040/1 076）. The utilization rate of drugs were 55.19％ （574/1 040）， 99.42％ （1 034/ 1 040） and 57.98％ （603/1 040） in the first， second and third trimesters of pregnancy， involving 137 drugs. Classification of top 3 drugs in the list of frequency were drugs for digestive tract and metabolic diseases for Fuzheng agent （Chinese patent medicine） and for sex hormones and regulators of reproductive system in the first trimesters of pregnancy， and for digestive tract and metabolism， urinary and reproductive system and cardiovascular system in the second trimesters， for digestive tract and metabolism， blood and hematopoietic organs and systemic hormones except sex hormones and insulin in the third trimesters. There were unreasonable use of drugs in the first trimester and there were also abnormalities outcomes of birth， but the correlation between abnormalities and drugs used during pregnancy could not be determined in the study. CONCLUSIONS： The rate of drugs used during pregnancy was high， and the value of DDDs was highest in the second trimester； the types of drugs used in different periods basically accord with the epidemiological characteristics of pregnancy. However， there are some unreasonable medication problems and potential safety hazards in medication during pregnancy， which need to be further rectified. The correlation between adverse pregnancy outcomes and drugs used during pregnancy has not been determined， and needs to be studied with large sample data.
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Objective To investigate the changes of peritoneal macrophage function in sepsis mice after hyperbaric oxygen (HO) therapy.Methods One hundred C57BL/6 mice were randomly(random number) divided into four groups in equal number (n=25):control group (normal saline),sepsis group,hyperbaric oxygen group,sepsis+ hyperbaric oxygen group;the sepstic mice were treated by intra-peritoneal injection with zymosan;The mice of hyperbaric oxygen group and sepsis+ hyperbaric oxygen group received hyperbaric oxygen therapy (2 atm,2 h,100％ O2).The number of surviving mice was obsevred at 72 h after the intra-peritoneal injection with zymosan;The percentage of M1 macrophage was detected by flow cytometry.The expression of mRNA of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in peritoneal macrophage was detected with RT-PCR.The levels of IL-12 and IL-10 in peripheral blood were measured by ELISA.Results Compared with sepsis group,the number of surviving mice of sepsis+ hyperbaric oxygen group was significantly higher (9 vs.16,P＜0.01).The percentages of M1 macrophage in sepsis+ hyperbaric oxygen group was significantly lower than that in sepsis group [(4.75+0.14)％ vs.(2.25±0.16)％,F=803.438,P＜0.01].The expression of mRNA of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in sepsis+ hyperbaric oxygen group were significantly lower than that in sepsis group [(39.62+1.74) vs.(48.32±3.34),F=31.992,P＜0.01].The level of IL-12 in peripheral blood in sepsis+ hyperbaric oxygen group was significantly lower than that in sepsis group [(242.62±19.10) pg/mL vs.(159.51±6.35)pg/mL,F=102.282,P＜0.01].The level of IL-10 was significantly higher than that in sepsis group [(521.26±6.3) pg/mL vs.(188.83±8.53) pg/mL,F=5 896.006,P＜0.01].Conclusions Hyperbaric oxygen therapy had effective effect on increasing the number of surviving mice of sepsis group,reducing the level of IL-12 in peripheral blood and rising the level of IL-10 in peripheral blood.By inhibiting the expression of M1 macrophage and iNOS,hyperbaric oxygen could reduce the excessive inflammatory response and play a role in the protection of mice.
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Objective@#To explore the characteristic indexes of patients with schizophrenia trees drawing projection through the extraction and quantitative analysis of the projection index of the tree-drawing painted by schizophrenic patients and provide the basis for the diagnosis of schizophrenia.@*Methods@#A tree-drawing test was performed on 69 schizophrenic patients and 59 healthy subjects without psychotic symptoms using the control study design.Computer image recognition and data acquisition was used to quantitatively research on tree projection drawing, and the data were analyzed between the two groups.@*Results@#There were 6 tree-drawing test quantitative indexes had statistical significance between schizophrenia patients and healthy subjects: crown height ((7.4380±3.7939)cm vs (8.9587±3.6632)cm, t=-2.386, P=0.018), crown width ((9.3441±4.7054)cm vs (12.1024±4.7836)cm, t=-3.281, P<0.01), trunk width ((2.3391±2.3857)cm vs (3.7313±2.2822), t=-3.357, P=0.001), crown area ((65.1007±56.2188)cm2 vs (90.8369±61.9536)cm2, t=-2.463, P=c.015), trunk area ((12.8060±17.3851)cm2 vs (19.3813±15.3874)cm2, t=-2.248, P=0.026), the total area ((82.3225±71.7906)cm2 vs (114.5269±73.8087)cm2, t=-2.497, P=0.014), meanwhile 7 quantitative indexes were not statistically significant: the total height of trees ((13.9728±5.8815)cm vs (15.8957±5.4399)cm, t=-1.908, P=0.059), trunk height ((6.4989±5.8861)cm vs (6.4311±3.0242)cm, t=0.080, P=0.936), root height ((0.7321±1.2916)cm vs (0.4780±1.0912)cm, t=1.191, P=0.236), root width ((1.7597±3.5406)cm vs (2.2041±4.8122)cm, t=-0.600, P=0.549), root area ((4.3920±10.8128)cm2 vs (4.3774±12.4586)cm2, t=0.007, P= 0.994), trunk and crown height ratio ((9.0236±15.1846) vs (5.1478±9.0970, t=-0.526, P=0.600), trunk crown width ratio (9.0236±15.1846 vs 5.1478±9.0970, t=1.489, P=0.14).@*Conclusion@#There are significant traits in the area of crown, trunk and tree in the tree drawing projection test between schizophrenics and healthy subjects.After future large sample follow-up study, it can provide quantitative assistance for clinical diagnosis.
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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the expression of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtypes, E-prostanoid (EP) 1–4 receptors, in acquired cholesteatoma and its possible role in the pathologic process of this disorder. METHODS: Specimens of human acquired cholesteatoma were obtained from 29 patients and 19 skin biopsies of normal external auditory canal were as controls. The mRNA and protein expression of EP receptors was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: In acquired cholesteatoma, EP1–EP4 receptors were mainly expressed on squamous epithelium and subepithelial infiltrated inflammatory cells. In external auditory canal skin, EP1–EP4 receptors were mainly expressed on squamous epithelium and glandular epithelium. The expression of EP4 receptor on mRNA and protein levels were significant lower in acquired cholesteatoma compared with controls. EP1–EP3 receptors had no significant difference between the experimental and control group. CONCLUSION: Low expression of EP4 may play a crucial role in the pathologic process of inflammation reaction and bone destruction in acquired cholesteatoma, but not EP1, EP2, or EP3 receptors.
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Humans , Biopsy , Blotting, Western , Cholesteatoma , Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear , Dinoprostone , Ear Canal , Ear, Middle , Epithelium , Immunohistochemistry , Inflammation , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Messenger , SkinABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the performance of D-dimer in the differential diagnosis between acute aortic dissection (AAD)with elevated troponin-I(TNI)and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with acute chest pain diseases with elevated TNI.Methods The data of the 547 patients complaining acute chest pain who were diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction by thoracic and abdominal aorta CTA examination from January 2013 to September 2015 were analyzed.The comparison of data of D-dimer mass concentration and the general clinical information between 44 patients diagnosed as AAD with elevated TNI and without other underlying diseases which could cause increase in D-dimer mass concentration(AAD with elevated TNI group) and 50 patients diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction confirmed by using coronary angiography(AMI group) were carried out.Results Compared with AMI group,in the AAD with elevated TNI group,the type of Stanford A was 38 cases, accounting for 86.4%;the proportion of the patients with a history of hypertension was higher, and the average age was younger;the D-dimer mass concentration levels and the positive ratio of the D-dimer test were much higher[11.27 μg/mL(3.95,20)μg/mL vs.0.28 μg/mL(0.22,0.40)μg/mL,P<0.01;100%vs.14%,P<0.01.The area under the ROC curve to diagnosis of the AAD with elevated TNI was 0.997,and the optimal diagnostic threshold was 1.095 μg/mL.When the D-dimer mass concentration level was 1.095 μg/mL,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV),positive likelihood ratio(PLR),negative likelihood ratio(NLR)were 97.7%,98%,97.7%,98%,48.86,and 0.02,respctively.When the D-dimer mass concentration level was 0.5 μg/mL,which meant the D-dimer test was positive,the sensitivity,specificity,PPV,NPV,PLR,NLR were 100%,86%,86.3%,100%,7.14,and 1.16,respctively.Conclusion D-dimer is helpful to the differential diagnosis between the AAD with elevated TNI and the AMI in acute chest pain patients with elevated TNI.
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Objective To establish a rat model of tympanosclerosis(TS) by myringotomy and inoculation of streptococcus pneummoniae, and to observe the morphological change in the tympanic membrane (TM) and middle ear mucous.Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=20/group) and then ten in each group were chosen to serve as the control and the other ten were set up for the TS model.Group A (myringotomy): myringotomy was performed on the bilateral TMs of all rats except the control group.Group B (bacterial inoculation): streptococcus pneumoniae was inoculated into the bilateral middle ear cavity of all rats except the control group.The condition of the TMs and the middle ears in the two groups were respectively examined at 2 weeks after myringotomy and at the five time points (1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 8 weeks) after bacterial inoculation.Then the rats were decapitated and the morphological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results One rat in group B died two weeks after the inoculation.In the two experimental groups, the calcifications were observed in 70%of the TMs (14/20) in group A and in 33.33%of the TMs (6/18) at 8 weeks in group B.At the same time, the inflammatory infiltration and hyaline degeneration markedly appeared in the tympanic membrane and middle ear mucous membrane.In the two control groups, neither morphological changes nor calcifications occurred.Conclusion The current study indicated that the animal model of TS was successfully accomplished by myringotomy and inoculation of streptococcus pneummoniae, and their morphological changes were basically consistent.However, the method of myringotomy is easier to use and can obtain a higher modeling rate in a relatively short time.
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OBJECTIVE:To identify a new adulterated dye,and to establish simultaneous detection method for 9 orange-yel-low dyes in Typhae Pollen. METHODS:TLC and LC-MS were used for the identification of the new adulterated dye;TLC and HPLC method were used for determining 9 orange-yellow dyes. The determination was performed on Welch AQ-C18 column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.05 mol/L ammonium acetate solution (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength were set at 432 nm (lemon yellow,metanil yellow,gold orange O,basic orangeⅡ) and 484 nm (sun-set yellow,acid orange Ⅰ,gold orangeⅡ,orange G,basic orange 21). The column temperature was 35 ℃.The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS:TLC spots of auramine O,lemon yellow and new adulterated dye were clear and well separated without in-terference from negative control;new adulterated dye was identified as metanil yellow. TLC spots of lemon yellow,sunset yellow, orange G,acid orangeⅠ,gold orangeⅡ,auramine O,metanil yellow,basic orange 21 and basic orangeⅡwere clear and well sep-arated without interference from negative control. The limits of detection were 0.30,0.20,0.33,0.16,0.19,0.19,0.31,0.26, 0.30 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS:The established method is able to detect adulterated dye and orange-yellow dye in Typhae Pollen rap-idly and accurately.
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Objective To investigate the effects of congenital ptosis on refractive power of the corneal surface.Methods Forty-five patients (90 eyes) with congenital ptosis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were examined from October 2013 to June 2015.Corneal topographic analysis was performed in both the ptosis and the normal eyes.The comparison between the ptotic eye and the normal eye was done according to the topographic results.Results Among 90 eyes,55 were ptotic and 35 were normal.Amblyopia was detected in 21 ptotic eyes (38.2％).No correlation was found between amblyopia and the severity of ptosis (x 2=2.617,P＞0.05).Ptotic eye showed an asymmetrical bow tie pattern (23 eyes) and an irregular pattern (32 eyes) on corneal photography and the maximum refractive power occurred at the inferior quadrant of the corneal horizontal axis.Difference value of the average refractive power of the cornea between lower side and upper side in ptotic eyes was higher than that of the normal eyes at 5mm and 7mm diameter areas (P＜0.01) except for 3mm diameter area (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Congenital ptosis may lead to the change of refractive power of the local corneal surface.Amblyopia has no correlation with the severity of ptosis.
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Objective To disscuss and analyze the clinical effects of whole body mild hypothermia on MODS caused by cerebral hemorrhage.Methods One hundred and eighty patients with MODS caused by cerebral hemorrhage during the period of hospitalized from January 2013 to December 2015 in ICU of our hospital were divided into two groups (observation group and control group) randomly,90 cases patients in each group.Patients in control group were treated with conventional treatment intervention,patients in control group were treated with whole body mild hypothermia on the base of conventional treatment intervention,the score of MODS,the ratio of,VO2 and DO2,the time during the period of hospitalized in ICU,the time of mechanical ventilation,epilepsy incidence and mortality,NIHSS score and PADL score of the patients in these two group after treatment were compared.Results After the comparion,the score of MODS and the state of oxygen consumption and oxygen supply of the patients in observation group were better than the patients in control group,there was significant differences,and had statistical significance (P＜0.05);the time during the period of hospitalized in ICU and the time of mechanical ventilation of the patients in observation group were shorter than the patients in control group,there was significant difference,and had statistical significance (P＜0.05);the mortality were reduce significantly of the patients in observation group than the patients in control group,there was significant difference,and had statistical significance (P＜0.05);the epilepsy incidence of the patients in observation group and control has no significant difference,has no statistical significance (P＞0.05);the NIHSS score and PADL score of the patients in observation group were higher than the patients in control group,there was significant difference,and has statistical significance (P＜0.05).Conclusion The clinical effects of whole body mild hypothermia on MODS caused by cerebral hemorrhage have important significance,can effectively improve the balance of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome patients,can delay the progression of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome patients,improve the prognosis,it is worthy of clinical application and promotion.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish the HPLC fingerprint for Anemone raddeana. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Phemomenex Gemini C18 with mobile phase of 0.1%phosphoric acid-acetonitrile(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 1 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 206 nm,the column temperature was 30℃,and the injection volume was 20μl. With the refer-ence of raddeanin A,13 batches of A. raddeana were analyzed,chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system software was conducted for similarity analysis,and SPSS 13.0 was conducted for cluster analysis. RESULTS:There were 11 common peaks in the 13 batches of A. raddeana with similarity of higher than 0.90. According to the verification,the fingerprint and control fin-gerprint shows good consistency. The drugs in Huadian,Jiaohe, Tiangang,Shulan,Tonghua and Fusong of Jilin and Shangzhi of Heilongjiang were regarded as category 1,and in Harbin,Yabuli town and Yimianpo of Heilongjiang,Qingyuan of Liaoning,Ji-nan of Shandong were category 2. CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint can provide reference for the identification and quality evaluation of A. raddeana.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of rosin acid in Rheumatoid arthritis tablet. METH-ODS:HPLC was performed on the column of ZORBAX SB-C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid(82∶18,V/V) at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min ,detection wavelength was 241 nm ,column temperature was 30 ℃ and volume injection was 10 μl. MS/MS column was ZORBAX SB-C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid(80∶20,V/V)at flow rate of 0.2 ml/min;column temperature was 30 ℃;volume injection was 0.5 μl. Ionization mode was ESI+,atomization gas pressure was 25 psi,gas flow as 8.0 L/min,capillary voltage was 4 000 V,capillary outlet voltage was 120 V,precursor ion was 303 m/z,scan range was 50-500 m/z and the gas temperature was 350 ℃. RESULTS:The linear range of rosin acid was 2.5-100.0 μg/ml. RSDs of preci-sion,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0%,recoveries was 96.75%-98.11%(RSD=0.53%,n=6). CONCLU-SIONS:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and suitable for the content determination of rosin acid in Rheumatoid arthritis tablet.
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Objective To evaluate the lung protective effect of sustained inflation(SI)and its mechanism for exogenous acute lung injury(ALI) animal models. Methods Exogenous acute lung injury animal models were replicated using intravenous injection of oleic acid. Immunohistochemis?try and double antibody sandwich ELISA were carried out to detect IL?10 and IL?6 protein levels in lung tissues and serum. Western blot was used to detect the expression level of SP?A in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF). The expression of ICAM?1 and SP?A mRNA in lung tis?sue was measured by reverse transcription PCR. The apoptosis of lung tissue cells was detected by flow cytometry. Results The maintenance of 20 s lung recruitment method of 35 cmH2O pressure could improve PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2,reduce PaCO2,and improve oxygenation and pulmonary com?pliance. The re?expansion effect of sustained inflation for exogenous acute lung injury was good. The IL?10 and IL?6 levels in lung tissue and serum for SI group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). The SP?A expression level of lung tissue and BALF in SI group was significantly reduced compared with the control group(P<0.05). Flow cytometry analysis showed that the apoptosis rate of SI group was significant?ly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Sustained inflation played an important role in lung protection against exogenous ALI through inhibition of apoptosis,lightening of inflammatory response,reduction of pulmonary edema and SP?A degradation in lung tissue,as well as promotion of SP?A synthesis and secretion in pulmonary alveolus.
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Kinetic model analysis is a useful tool for understanding the regulation and control of cellular metabolism and thus offering a guideline for rational design of high efficiency cell factory. Based on previously published models and experimental measurement of enzyme kinetics data, we developed a kinetic model for the threonine biosynthesis pathway in Escherichia coli. This model integrates the central pathways that produce precursors, ATP and reducing power with the threonine biosynthesis pathway from aspartate. In contrast to the previous models, we considered the energy and reducing power balance rather than artificially set their concentrations. Metabolic control analysis of the model showed that enzymes PTS, G6PDH, HDH etc. have great flux control coefficients on the threonine biosynthesis flux. This indicates higher threonine synthesis flux could be achieved by overexpressing these enzymes.